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Fossil CN-46700.
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First Case of Down Syndrome Identified in Neanderthals

An international team including Binghamton anthropologist Rolf Quam documented the first case of Down syndrome in Neandertals by studying the fossil of a child found in a cave in Spain.
An ear poking through a hole.
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Creating Supranormal Hearing in Mice Validates Hidden Hearing Loss Theory

A study from Michigan Medicine's Kresge Hearing Research Institute was able to produce supranormal hearing in mice, while also supporting a hypothesis on the cause of hidden hearing loss in humans.
The back end of a dairy cow.
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Bird Flu Remains Stable on Milking Equipment for at Least One Hour

According to research, bird flu in unpasteurized milk is stable on metal and rubber components of commercial milking equipment for at least one hour, increasing its potential to infect people and other animals.
T cells.
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Study Reveals Insights Into Master Autoimmune Regulator

Researchers investigated the role Foxp3 plays in regulatory T cell function, demonstrating that the protein likely acts as a transcription cofactor, offering new insight into the self vs. non-self discriminatory practices of the immune system.
Two woolly mammoths.
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Wrangel Island Mammoths Were Inbred but Not Destined for Extinction

Many species around the world are on the brink of extinction. A recent study used genomic analysis on the last surviving population of woolly mammoths to explore the potential causes of their extinction.
3D structure of a melanoma cell derived by ion abrasion scanning electron microscopy.
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New Mechanism Behind Melanoma Treatment Resistance Uncovered

In many cases of malignant melanoma, the effect of targeted treatment is lost over time. A research team has now discovered that a factor secreted by tumor cells is responsible for the resistance.
Cells.
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MCT1's Key Role in Skeletal Muscle Metabolism and Exercise Endurance

A research team revealed a physiological function of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) in mediating the intracellular and extracellular lactate transport in skeletal muscle.
Stem cells under a microscope.
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Stem Cell Breakthrough Offers Hope for Rare Disease

A new study led by researchers at UCL and the University of Sheffield, has demonstrated the potential of stem cell therapy to treat those with Hirschsprung disease.
Plastic model of a brain's right hemisphere next to a neuron model.
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Stem Cells Help Scientists Understand How Neuronal Synapses Form and Function

New research clarifies the key mechanisms of synaptic formation, which might allow researchers to further focus on synapse dysfunction and health treatment options.
Glaciers seen in front of a mountain range
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How Snowball Earth Drove Multicellularity

New research shows how specific physical conditions during a geologic era when glaciers may have stretched as far as the Equator could have driven eukaryotes to turn multicellular.
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